Gidan Smart gida ne a matsayin dandamali, amfani da fasahar haɗaɗɗen wayoyi, fasahar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa, fasahar tsaro, fasahar sarrafa atomatik, fasahar sauti da bidiyo don haɗa abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwar iyali, tsara jadawalin gina wuraren zama masu inganci da tsarin kula da harkokin iyali. , inganta tsaro na gida, dacewa, ta'aziyya, zane-zane, da kuma gane kariyar muhalli da yanayin ceton makamashi.Dangane da sabon ma'anar gida mai wayo, koma zuwa halayen fasahar ZigBee, ƙirar wannan tsarin, abin da ake buƙata a ciki ya ƙunshi tsarin gida mai kaifin baki (tsarin kula da gida mai wayo (tsakiya), tsarin kula da hasken gida, tsarin tsaro na gida), bisa ga shiga tsarin sadarwar gida, tsarin sadarwar gida, tsarin kiɗa na baya da tsarin kula da yanayin iyali.A kan tabbatar da rayuwar sirri, shigar da duk tsarin da ake bukata gaba daya kawai, sabili da haka, ana iya amfani da wannan tsarin.
1. Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin
Tsarin ya ƙunshi na'urori masu sarrafawa da na'urorin sarrafa nesa a cikin gida.Daga cikin su, na'urorin da ake sarrafawa a cikin iyali sun hada da kwamfutar da za ta iya shiga Intanet, cibiyar kulawa, kullin kulawa da kuma mai kula da kayan aikin gida da za a iya ƙarawa.Na'urorin sarrafa nesa galibi sun ƙunshi kwamfutoci masu nisa da wayoyin hannu.
Babban ayyukan tsarin sune: 1) shafin farko na binciken gidan yanar gizon, sarrafa bayanan bayanan;2) Gane ikon canza kayan aikin gida, tsaro da haske ta hanyar Intanet da wayar hannu;3) Ta hanyar tsarin RFID don gane ganewar mai amfani, don kammala canjin yanayin tsaro na cikin gida, idan an yi sata ta hanyar ƙararrawar SMS ga mai amfani;4) Ta hanyar software na tsarin kulawa na tsakiya don kammala kulawar gida da matsayi na hasken cikin gida da kayan aikin gida;5) Ma'ajiyar bayanan sirri da ajiyar matsayin kayan aiki na cikin gida an kammala su ta amfani da bayanan.Ya dace ga masu amfani don tambayar yanayin kayan aiki na cikin gida ta hanyar kulawa ta tsakiya da tsarin gudanarwa.
2. Tsarin Tsarin Hardware
Tsarin kayan aikin tsarin ya haɗa da ƙirar cibiyar kulawa, kumburin saka idanu da ƙari na zaɓi na mai sarrafa kayan gida (ɗaukar mai kula da fan na lantarki a matsayin misali).
2.1 Cibiyar Kulawa
Babban ayyukan cibiyar kulawa sune kamar haka: 1) Don gina hanyar sadarwa ta ZigBee mara waya, ƙara duk nodes na saka idanu zuwa cibiyar sadarwar, kuma gane karɓar sabbin kayan aiki;2) ganewar mai amfani, mai amfani a gida ko baya ta hanyar katin mai amfani don cimma canjin tsaro na cikin gida;3) Lokacin da ɗan fashi ya kutsa cikin ɗakin, aika ɗan gajeren sako zuwa ga mai amfani don ƙararrawa.Masu amfani kuma za su iya sarrafa tsaro na cikin gida, hasken wuta da na'urorin gida ta hanyar gajerun saƙonni;4) Lokacin da tsarin ke gudana shi kaɗai, LCD yana nuna yanayin tsarin halin yanzu, wanda ya dace da masu amfani don dubawa;5) Adana yanayin kayan lantarki kuma aika shi zuwa PC don gane tsarin akan layi.
Kayan aikin yana goyan bayan ma'anar mai ɗauka da yawa/ganewar karo (CSMA/CA).Wutar lantarki mai aiki na 2.0 ~ 3.6V yana da amfani ga ƙarancin wutar lantarki na tsarin.Saita cibiyar sadarwar tauraron ZigBee mara waya ta cikin gida ta hanyar haɗawa da tsarin ZigBee mai daidaitawa a cibiyar sarrafawa.Kuma duk nodes na saka idanu, waɗanda aka zaɓa don ƙara mai kula da kayan aikin gida a matsayin kumburin tasha a cikin hanyar sadarwa don shiga cibiyar sadarwar, ta yadda za a gane hanyar sadarwar ZigBee mara waya ta kula da tsaro na cikin gida da na'urorin gida.
2.2 Nodes Kulawa
Ayyukan kumburin saka idanu sune kamar haka: 1) gano siginar jikin mutum, sauti da ƙararrawar haske lokacin da barayi suka mamaye;2) kula da hasken wuta, yanayin sarrafawa ya kasu kashi na atomatik da sarrafawa ta hannu, sarrafawa ta atomatik yana kunna / kashe hasken ta atomatik bisa ga ƙarfin hasken cikin gida, sarrafa hasken wutar lantarki ta hanyar tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, (3) bayanin ƙararrawa da sauran bayanan da aka aika zuwa cibiyar sarrafawa, kuma suna karɓar umarnin sarrafawa daga cibiyar sarrafawa don kammala sarrafa kayan aiki.
Infrared da yanayin gano microwave shine mafi yawan hanya a gano siginar jikin ɗan adam.Binciken infrared na pyroelectric shine RE200B, kuma na'urar haɓakawa ita ce BISS0001.RE200B ana samun wutar lantarki ta 3-10 V kuma yana da ginanniyar pyroelectric dual-sensitive infrared element.Lokacin da kashi ya karɓi hasken infrared, tasirin photoelectric zai faru a sandunan kowane kashi kuma cajin zai tara.BISS0001 hybrid ne na dijital-analog asIC wanda ya ƙunshi amplifier aiki, mai kwatanta ƙarfin lantarki, mai sarrafa jiha, mai ƙidayar lokaci da toshe mai ƙidayar lokaci.Tare da RE200B da ƴan abubuwan da aka gyara, ana iya samar da maɓalli na pyroelectric infrared.An yi amfani da module Ant-g100 don firikwensin microwave, mitar cibiyar ita ce 10 GHz, kuma matsakaicin lokacin kafawa shine 6μs.Haɗe tare da pyroelectric infrared module, za a iya rage yawan kuskuren gano manufa yadda ya kamata.
Samfurin sarrafa haske ya ƙunshi resistor photosensitive da relay iko haske.Haɗa na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin jerin tare da mai daidaitawa mai daidaitawa na 10 K ω, sa'an nan kuma haɗa sauran ƙarshen resistor na hotuna zuwa ƙasa, kuma haɗa sauran ƙarshen resistor mai daidaitawa zuwa babban matakin.Ana samun ƙimar wutar lantarki na maki biyu na juriya ta hanyar SCM analog-to-dijital Converter don tantance ko hasken na yanzu yana kunne.Mai amfani zai iya daidaita juriya mai daidaitacce don saduwa da ƙarfin hasken lokacin da aka kunna kawai.Ana sarrafa maɓallan hasken cikin gida ta hanyar relays.Ana iya samun tashar shigarwa/fitarwa ɗaya kawai.
2.3 Zaɓi Ƙarar Mai Kula da Kayan Aikin Gida
Zaɓi don ƙara sarrafa kayan aikin gida musamman bisa ga aikin na'urar don cimma nasarar sarrafa na'urar, anan ga fan ɗin lantarki a matsayin misali.Kulawar fan ita ce cibiyar kulawa za ta zama umarnin sarrafa fan na PC wanda aka aika zuwa mai kula da fan na lantarki ta hanyar aiwatar da hanyar sadarwa ta ZigBee, lambar tantance na'urori daban-daban ta bambanta, alal misali, tanade-tanaden wannan yarjejeniya lambar tantance fan ita ce 122, lambar tantance TV ɗin launi ta gida. yana da 123, don haka fahimtar fahimtar cibiyar kula da kayan aikin lantarki daban-daban.Don lambar koyarwa iri ɗaya, na'urorin gida daban-daban suna yin ayyuka daban-daban.Hoto na 4 yana nuna nau'in kayan aikin gida da aka zaɓa don ƙari.
3. Tsarin software na tsarin
Tsarin software na tsarin ya ƙunshi sassa shida, waɗanda sune ƙirar gidan yanar gizo mai nisa, ƙirar tsarin kulawa ta tsakiya, ƙirar shirin babban mai sarrafa ATmegal28, ƙirar shirin CC2430 mai gudanarwa, ƙirar shirin kumburin saka idanu CC2430, CC2430 zaɓi ƙara ƙirar shirin na'urar.
3.1 Tsarin shirin ZigBee Coordinator
Mai daidaitawa da farko yana kammala ƙaddamarwar Layer ɗin aikace-aikacen, saita yanayin Layer na aikace-aikacen kuma ya karɓi jihar zuwa aiki, sannan ya kunna katsewar duniya kuma ya fara tashar tashar I/O.Daga nan mai gudanarwa ya fara gina cibiyar sadarwa ta tauraro mara waya.A cikin ka'idar, mai gudanarwa ta atomatik yana zaɓar band ɗin 2.4 GHz, matsakaicin adadin ragi a cikin daƙiƙa shine 62 500, tsoho PANID shine 0 × 1347, matsakaicin zurfin tari shine 5, matsakaicin adadin bytes da aika shine 93, kuma Serial port baud kudi ne 57 600 bit/s.SL0W TIMER yana haifar da katsewa 10 a sakan daya.Bayan an sami nasarar kafa hanyar sadarwar ZigBee, mai gudanarwa ya aika adireshinsa zuwa MCU na cibiyar sarrafawa.Anan, cibiyar kula da MCU tana gano Mai Gudanar da ZigBee a matsayin memba na kumburin saka idanu, kuma adireshin da aka gano shine 0. Shirin yana shiga babban madauki.Na farko, ƙayyade ko akwai sabon bayanan da aka aika ta hanyar tashar tashar, idan akwai, ana watsa bayanan kai tsaye zuwa MCU na cibiyar kulawa;Ƙayyade ko MCU na cibiyar kulawa yana da umarnin da aka saukar, idan haka ne, aika umarnin zuwa kullin tashar ZigBee mai dacewa;Yi hukunci ko tsaro a buɗe yake, ko akwai ɗan fashi, idan haka ne, aika bayanan ƙararrawa zuwa MCU na cibiyar kulawa;Yi la'akari da ko hasken yana cikin yanayin sarrafawa ta atomatik, idan haka ne, kunna analog-to-dijital Converter don yin samfur, ƙimar samfurin shine mabuɗin kunna ko kashe hasken, idan yanayin hasken ya canza, sabon bayanin jihar shine. watsa zuwa cibiyar kulawa MC-U.
3.2 Tsare-tsare na tashar tashar ZigBee
Kullin tashar tashar ZigBee tana nufin kumburin ZigBee mara waya wanda mai gudanar da ZigBee ke sarrafawa.A cikin tsarin, galibin kumburin sa ido ne da ƙari na zaɓi na mai sarrafa kayan gida.Ƙaddamar da nodes na tashar ZigBee kuma ya haɗa da ƙaddamar da Layer na aikace-aikacen, buɗewar katsewa, da ƙaddamar da tashoshin I/O.Sannan gwada shiga cibiyar sadarwar ZigBee.Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa kawai ƙarshen nodes tare da saitin mai gudanarwa na ZigBee an yarda su shiga cibiyar sadarwar.Idan kumburin tashar ZigBee ya kasa shiga hanyar sadarwar, zai sake gwadawa kowane daƙiƙa biyu har sai ya sami nasarar shiga hanyar sadarwar.Bayan shigar da hanyar sadarwar cikin nasara, tashar tashar tashar ta ZI-Gbee tana aika bayanan rajistar ta zuwa ZigBee Coordinator, sannan ta tura ta zuwa MCU na cibiyar sarrafawa don kammala rajistar kumburin tashar ta ZigBee.Idan kumburin tashar ZigBee kumburin sa ido ne, zai iya gane sarrafa hasken wuta da tsaro.Shirin yayi kama da na ZigBee coordinator, sai dai cewa node na saka idanu yana buƙatar aika bayanai zuwa mai gudanarwa na ZigBee, sannan mai kula da ZigBee ya aika da bayanai zuwa MCU na cibiyar kulawa.Idan kullin tashar ta ZigBee mai sarrafa fan ɗin lantarki ne, kawai tana buƙatar karɓar bayanan kwamfuta ta sama ba tare da loda jihar ba, don haka ana iya kammala sarrafa sarrafa ta kai tsaye a cikin katsewar karɓar bayanan mara waya.A cikin bayanan mara waya da ke karɓar katsewa, duk nodes ɗin tashoshi suna fassara umarnin sarrafawa da aka karɓa cikin sigogin sarrafawa na kumburin kanta, kuma kar a aiwatar da umarnin mara waya da aka karɓa a cikin babban shirin kumburin.
4 Gyaran kan layi
Ana aika da ƙarin umarni don lambar umarni na ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki da aka bayar ta tsarin gudanarwa na tsakiya zuwa MCU na cibiyar kulawa ta hanyar tashar jiragen ruwa na kwamfuta, kuma zuwa ga mai gudanarwa ta hanyar haɗin layi biyu, sannan zuwa tashar ZigBee. node ta coordinator.Lokacin da kumburin tasha ya karɓi bayanan, ana aika bayanan zuwa PC ta tashar tashar jiragen ruwa kuma.A kan wannan PC, ana kwatanta bayanan da aka samu ta kullin tashar tashar ZigBee tare da bayanan da cibiyar sarrafawa ta aika.Tsarin gudanarwa na tsakiya yana aika umarni 2 kowane daƙiƙa.Bayan awanni 5 na gwaji, software na gwaji yana tsayawa lokacin da ya nuna cewa adadin fakitin da aka karɓa shine fakiti 36,000.Ana nuna sakamakon gwajin software na watsa bayanai masu yawa a cikin Hoto 6. Adadin fakiti daidai shine 36 000, adadin fakitin kuskure shine 0, kuma ƙimar daidaito shine 100%.
Ana amfani da fasahar ZigBee don gane hanyar sadarwar cikin gida na gida mai wayo, wanda ke da fa'idodin kulawar nesa mai dacewa, ƙarin sassauƙan sabbin kayan aiki da ingantaccen aikin sarrafawa.Ana amfani da fasahar RFTD don gane mai amfani da inganta tsarin tsaro.Ta hanyar samun dama ga tsarin GSM, ana aiwatar da ayyukan ramut da ƙararrawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-06-2022