Batun da za mu yi magana game da yau yana da alaƙa da manyan gidaje.
Idan ya zo ga manyan gidaje, ba wanda ya isa ya zama wanda ba a sani ba. A baya a farkon wannan karni, lokacin da aka haifi tunanin Intanet na farko, mafi mahimmancin yankin, yankin aikace-aikacen, shine gidan mai hankali.
A tsawon shekaru, tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha na dijital, da yawa kuma ƙarin kayan aiki na gida don an ƙirƙira gidan. Wadannan kayan aikin sun kawo babban dacewa ga rayuwar dangi kuma ya kara da jin daɗin rayuwa.
A tsawon lokaci, zaku sami yawancin apps akan wayarku.
Haka ne, wannan ita ce matsalar shamaki mai zaman kanta wacce ta dame masana'antar gida mai wayo.
A zahiri, ci gaban fasahar IOT koyaushe ta hanyar rarrabuwa. Daban-daban na aikace-aikace suna dacewa da halaye daban-daban na IOT Factologies. Wasu suna buƙatar manyan bandwidth, wasu suna buƙatar amfani da ƙarancin iko, wasu suna da hankali kan kwanciyar hankali, kuma wasu sun damu sosai game da farashi.
Wannan ya ba da damar haɗuwa da 2 / 3/5g, NB-IOT, EMTC, Lora, Bluetooth, Bluetooth, Zigbee, zaren da kuma sauran fasahar sadarwa.
Gidan mai kaifin kai, bi da bi, shine yanayin lamuni na yau da kullun, tare da fasahar sadarwa ta ɗan gajeren lokaci kamar Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Bluetooth, Bluetooth, Bluetooth, zaren Bluetoo, da sauransu, da sauransu.
Haka kuma, kamar yadda gidaje masu kaifin gidaje suke da su ga masu amfani da ƙwararrun masu sana'a, masana'antun suna gina kayan aikinsu da kuma musayar ayyukan aikace-aikacen Layer don tabbatar da ƙwarewar mai amfani. Wannan ya haifar da yakin "ecosystem na yanzu".
Bangaren tsakanin ECOSSSSS ba kawai ya haifar da matsaloli marasa ma'ana ga masu amfani ba, har ma da dillalai iri-iri suna buƙatar haɓaka daban-daban, ƙididdigar aiki da farashi.
Saboda matsalar shingen muhalli muhimmin matsala ce ta dogon lokaci na manyan gidaje, masana'antu sun fara aiki ne kan neman mafita game da wannan matsalar.
Haihuwar yarjejeniya yarjejeniya
A cikin Disamba 2019, Google da Apple sun shiga cikin kididdigar Zigbee, shiga cikin kamfanonin Layeran aikace-aikacen duniya da dubunnan kwararru (an haɗa su a kan IP).
Kamar yadda kake gani daga sunan, guntu shine kusan haɗa gida dangane da ladabi na IP Procols. An ƙaddamar da wannan yarjejeniya tare da manufar karuwar karfin na'urar, sauƙaƙe ci gaban samfurin, inganta kwarewar mai amfani da kuma tuki masana'antar gaba.
After the CHIP working group was born, the original plan was to release the standard in 2020 and launch the product in 2021. However, for various reasons, this plan did not materialise.
A watan Mayu 2021, kawancen Zigbee sun canza suna zuwa CSA (Haɗin daidaitattun daidaito). A lokaci guda, da aka sake sunan Chip ɗin don kwayoyin halitta (ma'ana "halin da ake ciki, aukuwa, abin da" a cikin Sinanci).
Alliance ta kasance suna suna saboda mambobi da yawa sun kasance m don shiga Zigbee, mai yiwuwa an canza su zuwa kwayoyin halitta, mai yiwuwa ne kalmar guntu ta zama sananne sosai (da farko ke nufin fadi.
A cikin Oktoba 2022, a ƙarshe CSA ta sake saki sigar 1.0 na batun daidaitaccen tsari. Jim kaɗan kafin hakan, a ranar 18223, an sake shi fasalin 1.1 kuma an sake shi.
An raba mambobin CSA a cikin matakai uku: Fadarwa, mai halartar da mai sarrafawa. Initiators are at the highest level, being the first to participate in the drafting of the protocol, are members of the Alliance's Board of Directors and participate to some extent in the leadership and decisions of the Alliance.
Google da Apple, a matsayin wakilai na masu quatos, sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga mahimman bayanai na kwayoyin halitta.
Google ya ba da gudummawar kanta mai wayo na cibiyar sadarwar gida da kuma tsarin aikace-aikacen na yau da kullun (yayin da Apple sadarwa, tabbatar da ƙarfi na gida da tsaro).
Dangane da sabbin bayanai a shafin yanar gizon hukuma a cikin gidan yanar gizo 29 ne ya fara ne da mahimman kamfanoni, tare da mahalarta 282 da masu horarwa 238.
Kattai da Kattai, 'yan wasan masana'antu suna aiki da aiki na tunani game da mallakar su kwayoyin halitta kuma suna sadaukar da su gina babban grand wanda aka haɗa ba da daɗewa ba.
Kwayoyin halitta na yarjejeniya
Bayan duk wannan magana, ta yaya daidai muke fahimtar yanayin ladabi? Menene dangantakarsa da Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, zaren da Zigbee?
Ba da sauri ba, bari mu kalli zane:
Wannan zane ne na tsarin gine-ginen: Wi-Fi, zaren, Bluetooth (Ble) da Ethernet sune yadudduka na asali (yadudduka na zahiri); zuwa sama shine cibiyar sadarwa Layer, gami da ladabi na IP; sama shine jigilar kaya, gami da TCP da UDP na UDP; Kuma batun yarjejeniya, kamar yadda muka ambata, tsari ne na aikace-aikace.
Bluetooth da Zigbee kuma suna da sadaukar da kai, sufuri da yadudduka na aikace-aikace, ban da mahimman ayyukan.
Saboda haka, kwayoyin halitta ne na musamman da Zigbee da Bluetooth. A halin yanzu, kawai ma'amala ta musamman da ke tallafawa shine Wi-Fi, zaren da Ethernet (Ethernet).
Baya ga tsarin gine-ginen, muna bukatar sanin cewa an tsara yarjejeniya ta al'amuran tare da falsafar bude.
Protecol ne na bude tushen da za'a iya gani, ana amfani da shi da gyara yanayin aikace-aikace daban-daban da buƙatu, wanda zai ba da damar fa'idodin fasaha da dogaro.
Tsaro na yarjejeniya da batun shima babban matsayi na siyarwa ne. Yana amfani da sabon fasahar rubutun hannu da kuma tallafawa ɓoyewa na ƙarshen-zuwa don tabbatar da hanyoyin masu amfani ba su da matsala ko kuma sun yi ta ɗauka.
Model na sadarwar kwali
Bayan haka, muna kallon ainihin hanyar sadarwar kwayoyin halitta. Kuma, wannan yana nuna alama ta hanyar zane.
Kamar yadda zane-zane ya nuna, kwayoyin halitta ne TCP / IP tushen Tekp / IP, abin da aka tsara yana cikin kowane TCP / IP an tsara shi.
Wi-fi da Ethernet na'urorin da ke tallafawa ladabi ana iya haɗa kai tsaye zuwa hanya mai amfani da hanya. Hakanan na'urorin da ke tallafawa tsarin shari'ar kuma ana iya haɗa su da cibiyoyin sadarwa na IP kamar Wi-Fi ta hanyar iyakokin iyaka.
Na'urorin da ba sa tallafawa yanayin ladabi, kamar Zigbee ko na'urorin Bluetooth, za a iya haɗa shi zuwa na'urar injiniya.
Ci gaba da masana'antu a cikin kwayoyin halitta
Kwayoyin halitta suna wakiltar yanayi a cikin fasahar gida mai wayo. Saboda haka, ya sami kulawa da goyan baya sosai tun faɗakar da shi.
Masana'antar tana da kyakkyawan fata game da yanayin ci gaban al'amari. A cewar wani rahoto na kwanan nan ta hanyar binciken bincike na yau da kullun na binciken Abi, fiye da wannan nau'in gidaje mai wayo za'a sayar a duk duniya.
Kwayoyin halitta a halin yanzu suna amfani da tsarin shaida. Masu kera suna ci gaba da ba da takaddun takaddun CSA na Certificate don karbar takardar shaidar da za a yarda su yi amfani da tambarin lamarin.
Dangane da CSA, bayanan tantancewa zai yi amfani da nau'ikan na'urar da yawa kamar bangarori, masu son su, suna da masoya, masu lura da kusan dukkanin abubuwan jarida a gida mai hankali.
Masana m masana'antu, da masana'antu sun riga sunada masana'antun da kayayyakin suka gabatar da takardar shaidar sa kuma sannu a hankali suke shiga kasuwa. A ɓangaren katanga da kayan masana'antun module, akwai kuma inuwa da karfi sosai goyon baya ga kwayoyin halitta.
Ƙarshe
Magana mafi girma a matsayin babban yarjejeniya-Layer Proscol ita ce ta rushe shingen tsakanin na'urori daban-daban da yanayin ƙasa. Mutane daban-daban suna da ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da al'amura akan abubuwa, tare da wasu ganin shi a matsayin Mai Ceto kuma wasu suna ganin ta a matsayin mai tsabta.
A yanzu haka, abin da ya faru har yanzu yana cikin farkon matakan zuwa kasuwa da ƙari kuma yana fuskantar wasu matsaloli da kalubale, kamar sake zagayowar farashi da kuma sake sabuntawa don hannun jari.
A kowane hali, yana kawo rawar jiki ga mara nauyi shekaru na tsarin fasaha na kaifi. Idan tsohon tsarin yana iyakance ci gaban fasaha da iyakance kwarewar mai amfani, to, muna buƙatar fasahar kamar al'amura ta tsallake ta ɗauka akan babban aiki.
Ko kwayoyin da za su yi nasara ko a'a, ba za mu iya faɗi tabbas ba. Koyaya, hangen nesan kasuwar gaba ɗaya na wayo da kuma alhakin kowane kamfani da na kwastomomi a masana'antu da ci gaba da inganta kwarewar rayuwa ta hanyar masu amfani.
Fatan cewa gida mai wayo zai karya duk wakaden fasaha kuma ba da daɗewa ba zuwa kowane gida.
Lokaci: Jun-29-2023