Asali: Ulink Media
Marubuci: 旸谷
Kwanan nan, kamfanin semiconductor na ƙasar Holland NXP, tare da haɗin gwiwar kamfanin Jamus Lateration XYZ, sun sami damar cimma daidaiton matsayi na matakan milimita na wasu kayayyaki da na'urori na UWB ta amfani da fasahar zamani mai faɗi. Wannan sabon mafita yana kawo sabbin damammaki ga yanayi daban-daban na aikace-aikace waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaiton matsayi da bin diddigi, wanda ke nuna muhimmin ci gaba a tarihin ci gaban fasahar UWB.
A gaskiya ma, daidaiton matakin santimita na UWB na yanzu, a fannin matsayi, an yi shi da sauri, kuma tsadar kayan aiki yana ba wa masu amfani da masu samar da mafita ciwon kai kan yadda za su magance matsalolin farashi da tura su. A wannan lokacin "mirgina" zuwa matakin milimita, shin ya zama dole? Kuma UWB na matakin milimita zai kawo waɗanne damammaki na kasuwa?
Me yasa UWB mai sikelin milimita yake da wahalar isa?
A matsayin babban daidaito, babban daidaito, babban tsaro, da kuma hanyar da za a iya daidaita ta, tsarin sanyawa a cikin gida na UWB zai iya kaiwa ga daidaiton milimita ko ma micrometer a ka'ida, amma a zahirin tsarin sanyawa, ya daɗe yana nan a matakin santimita, galibi saboda waɗannan abubuwan da ke shafar ainihin daidaiton matsayin UWB:
1. Tasirin yanayin tura firikwensin kan daidaiton matsayi
A cikin ainihin tsarin warware daidaiton matsayi, ƙaruwar adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin yana nufin ƙaruwar bayanai masu maimaitawa, kuma bayanai masu tarin yawa na iya ƙara rage kuskuren matsayi. Duk da haka, daidaiton matsayi ba ya ƙaruwa tare da mafi kyawun na'urori masu auna firikwensin, kuma lokacin da aka ƙara adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin zuwa wani adadi, gudummawar da ke ga daidaiton matsayi ba ta da yawa tare da ƙaruwar na'urori masu auna firikwensin. Kuma ƙaruwar adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin yana nufin farashin kayan aiki yana ƙaruwa. Saboda haka, yadda ake samun daidaito tsakanin adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin da daidaiton matsayi, don haka tura na'urori masu auna firikwensin UWB mai ma'ana shine abin da bincike ke mayar da hankali a kai kan tasirin tura na'urori masu auna firikwensin akan daidaiton matsayi.
2. Tasirin tasirin hanyoyi da yawa
Siginar sanya UWB mai faɗi da faɗi tana nuna kuma tana ja da baya ta hanyar yanayin da ke kewaye kamar bango, gilashi, da abubuwan cikin gida kamar tebura yayin aikin yaɗawa, wanda ke haifar da tasirin hanyoyi da yawa. Siginar tana canzawa a cikin jinkiri, girma, da lokaci, wanda ke haifar da raguwar kuzari da raguwa a cikin rabon sigina-zuwa-hayaniya, wanda ke haifar da gaskiyar cewa siginar da aka fara isa ba kai tsaye ba ce, wanda ke haifar da kurakurai daban-daban da raguwar daidaiton matsayi. Saboda haka, ingantaccen danne tasirin hanyoyi da yawa na iya inganta daidaiton matsayi, kuma hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na danne hanyoyin da yawa sun haɗa da dabarun gano hanyoyin da yawa, MUSIC, ESPRIT, da dabarun gano gefen.
3. Tasirin NLOS
Yaɗawar layi-of-gani (LOS) ita ce ta farko, kuma abin da ake buƙata don tabbatar da daidaiton sakamakon auna sigina, lokacin da ba za a iya cimma yanayin da ke tsakanin maƙasudin sanyawa ta hannu da tashar tushe ba, yaɗawar siginar za a iya kammala shi ne kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na gani ba kamar refraction da diffraction. A wannan lokacin, lokacin da bugun farko ya isa ba ya wakiltar ainihin ƙimar TOA, kuma alkiblar bugun farko da ya isa ba ainihin ƙimar AOA ba ce, wanda zai haifar da wani kuskuren matsayi. A halin yanzu, manyan hanyoyin kawar da kuskuren rashin gani sune hanyar Wylie da hanyar kawar da haɗin kai.
4. Tasirin jikin ɗan adam akan daidaiton matsayi
Babban abin da ke cikin jikin ɗan adam ruwa ne, ruwa a kan siginar bugun mara waya ta UWB yana da tasirin sha mai ƙarfi, wanda ke haifar da raguwar ƙarfin sigina, karkacewar bayanai, da kuma shafar tasirin matsayi na ƙarshe.
5. Tasirin raunin shigar sigina
Duk wani shigar sigina ta cikin bango da sauran abubuwa zai yi rauni, UWB ba banda bane. Lokacin da matsayin UWB ya shiga bangon tubali na yau da kullun, siginar za ta yi rauni da kusan rabi. Canje-canje a lokacin watsa sigina saboda shigar bango suma zasu shafi daidaiton wurin sanyawa.
Saboda jikin ɗan adam, shigar sigina da daidaiton tasirin ya haifar yana da wuya a kauce masa, NXP da kamfanin LaterationXYZ na Jamus za su kasance ta hanyar sabbin hanyoyin tsara firikwensin don haɓaka fasahar UWB, ba a sami takamaiman nunin sakamako masu ƙirƙira ba, zan iya fitowa ne kawai daga gidan yanar gizon hukuma na labaran fasaha na NXP don yin hasashe mai dacewa.
Dangane da dalilin inganta daidaiton UWB, ina ganin cewa wannan shine NXP a matsayin babban ɗan wasan UWB na duniya da ya yi mu'amala da masana'antun cikin gida na yanzu na sabbin kirkire-kirkire a cikin yanayin fashewa da tsaron fasaha. Bayan haka, fasahar UWB ta yanzu har yanzu tana cikin matakin ci gaba mai girma, kuma farashin da ya dace, aikace-aikace, da sikelin ba a daidaita su ba tukuna, a wannan lokacin, masana'antun cikin gida sun fi damuwa da kayayyakin UWB da wuri-wuri don sauka da yaɗuwa, don kwace kasuwa, ba su da lokacin damuwa game da daidaiton UWB don inganta kirkire-kirkire. NXP, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa a fagen UWB, yana da cikakken yanayin samfura da kuma shekaru da yawa na zurfafa bincike kan ƙarfin fasaha da aka tara, wanda ya fi dacewa don aiwatar da kirkire-kirkire na UWB.
Abu na biyu, NXP a wannan karon zuwa matakin milimita na UWB, shi ma yana ganin damar da ba ta da iyaka ta ci gaban UWB a nan gaba kuma yana da yakinin cewa inganta daidaito zai kawo sabbin aikace-aikace zuwa kasuwa.
A ganina, fa'idar UWB za ta ci gaba da inganta tare da ci gaban "sabbin kayayyakin more rayuwa na 5G", da kuma ƙara faɗaɗa daidaiton ƙimarta a cikin tsarin haɓaka masana'antu na ƙarfafa fasahar 5G mai wayo.
A da, a cikin hanyar sadarwar 2G/3G/4G, yanayin sanya wayar hannu ya fi mayar da hankali kan kiran gaggawa, damar shiga wurin shari'a, da sauran aikace-aikace, buƙatun daidaiton sanyawa ba su da yawa, bisa ga daidaiton sanyawa na Cell ID daga mita goma zuwa ɗaruruwan mita. Yayin da 5G ke amfani da sabbin hanyoyin coding, haɗakar haske, manyan hanyoyin eriya, millimeter wave spectrum, da sauran fasahohi, babban bandwidth da fasahar jerin eriya, suna ba da tushen auna nesa mai daidaito da ma'aunin kusurwa mai daidaito. Saboda haka, wani zagaye na tseren UWB a fagen daidaito yana da goyan bayan asalin zamani, tushen fasaha, da isassun damar aikace-aikace, kuma wannan tseren daidaiton UWB za a iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin tsari kafin a cika haɓaka fasahar dijital.
Wadanne kasuwanni ne Millimetre UW za ta buɗe?
A halin yanzu, rarraba kasuwar UWB galibi yana da alaƙa da watsawar ƙarshen B da kuma yawan C. A cikin aikace-aikacen, ƙarshen B yana da ƙarin lokutan amfani, kuma ƙarshen C yana da ƙarin sarari mai ban sha'awa don hakar ma'adinai na aiki. A ganina, wannan sabon abu da ke mai da hankali kan aikin matsayi yana ƙarfafa fa'idodin UWB a cikin daidaitaccen matsayi, wanda ba wai kawai yana kawo ci gaba ga ayyuka ga aikace-aikacen da ake da su ba har ma yana ƙirƙirar damammaki ga UWB don buɗe sabbin sararin aikace-aikace.
A kasuwar B-end, ga wuraren shakatawa, masana'antu, kamfanoni, da sauran yanayi, yanayin mara waya na takamaiman yankinsa yana da tabbas, kuma ana iya tabbatar da daidaiton matsayi akai-akai, yayin da irin waɗannan yanayi kuma ke ci gaba da kasancewa da buƙatar daidaiton fahimtar matsayi, ko kuma za su zama matakin milimita UWB za a yi niyya nan ba da jimawa ba don fa'idar kasuwa.
A yanayin hakar ma'adinai, tare da ci gaban ginin ma'adinai mai wayo, mafita ta haɗakar "matsayin 5G+UWB" na iya sa tsarin haƙar ma'adinai mai wayo ya cika matsayi cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, cimma cikakkiyar haɗuwa ta daidaiton matsayi da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, da kuma cimma halayen daidaito mai girma, babban iko da tsawon lokacin jira, da sauransu. A lokaci guda, bisa ga tsarin kula da aminci na ma'adinan, ana iya amfani da shi don tabbatar da amincin ma'adinan da kuma kula da aminci na ma'adinan. A lokaci guda, bisa ga buƙatar sarrafa aminci na ma'adinai, za a yi amfani da UWB a cikin kula da ma'aikata na yau da kullun, da kuma hanyar mota. A halin yanzu, ƙasar tana da wani sikelin ma'adinan kwal kusan 4000 ko makamancin haka, kuma matsakaicin buƙata ga kowane tashar ma'adinan kwal kusan 100 ne ko makamancin haka, daga ciki za a iya kiyasta cewa jimillar buƙatar tashar ma'adinan kwal kusan 400,000 ne, adadin masu hakar ma'adinai gabaɗaya kusan mutane miliyan 4 ko makamancin haka, bisa ga lakabin mutum 1, buƙatar UWB ta kai kusan miliyan 4 ko makamancin haka. A cewar mai amfani na ƙarshe don siyan farashin kasuwa ɗaya, kasuwar kwal a kasuwar kayan aikin "tushe + tag" ta UWB tana da darajar fitarwa kusan biliyan 4.
Haƙar ma'adinai da haƙar ma'adinai iri ɗaya masu haɗari da haƙar mai, tashoshin wutar lantarki, tashoshin sinadarai, da sauransu, buƙatun kula da lafiya don daidaiton matsayi sun fi girma, daidaiton matsayi na UWB zuwa haɓaka matakin milimita zai taimaka wajen ƙarfafa fa'idodinsa a irin waɗannan fannoni.
A cikin yanayin masana'antu, adanawa, da kuma jigilar kayayyaki, UWB ta zama kayan aiki don rage farashi da inganci. Ma'aikata masu amfani da na'urorin hannu tare da fasahar UWB za su iya gano da kuma sanya sassa daban-daban daidai; gina tsarin gudanarwa wanda ke haɗa fasahar UWB a cikin sarrafa rumbun ajiya zai iya sa ido kan dukkan nau'ikan kayayyaki da ma'aikata a cikin rumbun ajiya a ainihin lokaci, da kuma cimma ikon sarrafa kaya, sarrafa ma'aikata, kuma a lokaci guda kuma ya sami ingantaccen juyewar kayan da ba su da matsala ta hanyar kayan aikin AGV, wanda zai iya haɓaka ingancin samarwa sosai.
Bugu da ƙari, tsallen milimita na UWB na iya buɗe sabbin aikace-aikace a fannin jigilar jirgin ƙasa. A halin yanzu, tsarin sarrafa jirgin ƙasa mai aiki ya dogara ne akan matsayin tauraron ɗan adam don kammalawa, don yanayin ramin ƙarƙashin ƙasa da kuma gine-ginen birane masu tsayi, kwaruruka, da sauran wurare, matsayin tauraron ɗan adam yana da yuwuwar gazawa. Fasahar UWB a cikin jirgin ƙasa tana da saurin lalacewa, ginshiƙi zuwa gujewa karo da gargaɗin farko, tsayawa daidai jirgin ƙasa, da sauransu, na iya samar da ingantaccen tallafin fasaha don aminci da kula da jigilar jirgin ƙasa. A halin yanzu, irin wannan aikace-aikacen a Turai da Amurka yana da shari'o'in aikace-aikace daban-daban.
A kasuwar C-terminal, haɓaka daidaiton matakin UWB zuwa milimita zai buɗe sabbin yanayi na aikace-aikace banda maɓallan dijital don wurin abin hawa. Misali, filin ajiye motoci na valet ta atomatik, biyan kuɗi ta atomatik, da sauransu. A lokaci guda, bisa ga fasahar leƙen asiri ta wucin gadi, kuma za a iya "koyi" tsarin motsi da halayen mai amfani, da kuma inganta aikin fasahar tuƙi ta atomatik.
A fannin kayan lantarki na masu amfani da na'urorin lantarki, UWB na iya zama fasahar da aka saba amfani da ita ga wayoyin komai da ruwanka a ƙarƙashin maɓallan mota na dijital. Baya ga buɗe sararin aikace-aikace don sanyawa da bincika samfuran, inganta daidaiton UWB na iya buɗe sabon sararin aikace-aikace don yanayin hulɗar kayan aiki. Misali, daidaitaccen kewayon UWB na iya sarrafa daidai nisan da ke tsakanin na'urori, don daidaita ginin yanayin gaskiya, don wasan, sauti, da bidiyo don kawo mafi kyawun ƙwarewar ji.
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-04-2023