Asali: Ulink Media
Marubuci: 旸谷
Kwanan nan, kamfanin NXP na Dutch semiconductor, tare da haɗin gwiwar kamfanin Jamus na Lateration XYZ, ya sami damar cimma daidaitattun matakan milimita na sauran abubuwa da na'urori na UWB ta amfani da fasaha mai zurfi. Wannan sabon bayani yana kawo sabbin dama don yanayi daban-daban na aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar madaidaicin matsayi da bin diddigin, alamar ci gaba mai mahimmanci a tarihin ci gaban fasahar UWB.
A zahiri, daidaiton matakin santimita na UWB na yanzu, a fagen sakawa an yi shi cikin sauri, kuma mafi girman farashin kayan masarufi kuma yana ba masu amfani da masu samar da mafita ciwon kai kan yadda za a magance matsalolin farashi da turawa. A wannan lokacin "mirgina" zuwa matakin millimeter, shin wajibi ne? Kuma matakin millimeter UWB zai kawo wace damar kasuwa?
Me yasa UWB-milimita ke da wuya a kai?
A matsayin madaidaicin madaidaici, ingantaccen matsayi, babban tsaro, da hanyar jeri, matsayi na cikin gida na UWB zai iya kaiwa ga daidaiton milimita ko ma daidaitaccen micrometer, amma a zahirin turawa, ya tsaya a matakin centimita na dogon lokaci, galibi saboda dalilai masu zuwa waɗanda ke shafar ainihin daidaiton matsayi na UWB:
1. Tasirin yanayin ƙaddamar da firikwensin akan daidaita daidaito
A cikin ainihin tsarin warware daidaiton matsayi, haɓakar adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin yana nufin haɓakar bayanan da ba su da yawa, kuma wadatattun bayanan da ba su da yawa na iya ƙara rage kuskuren sakawa. Duk da haka, daidaiton matsayi ba ya karuwa tare da mafi kyawun firikwensin, kuma lokacin da aka ƙara yawan adadin firikwensin zuwa wani lamba, gudummawar da aka ba da ita ga daidaiton matsayi ba ta da girma tare da karuwa na firikwensin. Kuma karuwar adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin yana nufin farashin kayan aiki yana ƙaruwa. Saboda haka, yadda za a sami ma'auni tsakanin adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin da daidaiton matsayi, kuma don haka ƙaddamar da na'urori masu auna firikwensin UWB shine mayar da hankali kan bincike kan tasirin ƙaddamar da firikwensin akan daidaita daidaito.
2. Tasirin tasirin multipath
UWB ultra-wideband sigina na sakawa suna nunawa kuma suna jujjuya su ta yanayin kewaye kamar bango, gilashi, da abubuwa na cikin gida kamar kwamfyutoci yayin tsarin yaduwa, yana haifar da tasirin multipath. Sigina yana canzawa a cikin jinkiri, girma, da lokaci, wanda ke haifar da raguwar makamashi da raguwa a cikin sigina-zuwa-amo, wanda ke haifar da gaskiyar cewa siginar da aka fara kaiwa ba kai tsaye ba, yana haifar da kurakurai masu yawa da raguwa a daidaitattun matsayi. Don haka, ingantacciyar tasirin tasirin hanyoyi na iya inganta daidaiton matsayi, kuma hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na murkushe hanyoyin da yawa sun haɗa da MUSIC, ESPRIT, da dabarun gano gefen.
3. NLOS tasiri
Yada layin-ganin (LOS) shine na farko, kuma buƙatun don tabbatar da daidaiton sakamakon ma'aunin siginar, lokacin da yanayi tsakanin maƙasudin sakawa ta hannu da tashar tushe ba za a iya cika shi ba, yaduwar siginar za a iya kammala shi kawai a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ba na gani ba kamar refraction da diffraction. A wannan lokacin, lokacin bugun bugun farko ba ya wakiltar ainihin ƙimar TOA, kuma jagorancin bugun bugun farko ba shine ainihin ƙimar AOA ba, wanda zai haifar da wani kuskuren matsayi. A halin yanzu, manyan hanyoyin da za a kawar da kuskuren da ba a gani ba shine hanyar Wylie da hanyar kawar da haɗin kai.
4. Tasirin jikin mutum akan daidaita daidaito
Babban bangaren jikin mutum shine ruwa, ruwa akan siginar bugun jini mara waya ta UWB yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi na sha, yana haifar da haɓakar ƙarfin sigina, rarrabuwar bayanai, da tasirin sakamako na ƙarshe.
5. Tasirin raunin shigar sigina
Duk wani shigar siginar ta bango da sauran abubuwan za a raunana, UWB ba banda. Lokacin da matsayi na UWB ya shiga bangon bulo na yau da kullun, siginar za ta yi rauni da kusan rabin. Canje-canje a lokacin watsa sigina saboda shigar bango kuma zai shafi daidaiton matsayi.
Saboda jikin mutum, shigar da siginar da aka kawo ta hanyar daidaiton tasirin yana da wahala a kewaye, NXP da kamfanin LaterationXYZ na Jamus za su kasance ta hanyar sabbin hanyoyin shimfidar firikwensin firikwensin don haɓaka fasahar UWB, ba a sami takamaiman nuni na sabbin sakamako ba, ana iya sake ni kawai daga gidan yanar gizon hukuma na NXP abubuwan da suka gabata na fasaha don yin jita-jita masu dacewa.
Amma game da dalili don inganta daidaito na UWB, na yi imani cewa wannan shine farkon duk NXP a matsayin jagoran UWB na duniya don magance masana'antun gida na yanzu na manyan ƙididdiga a cikin halin da ake ciki da kuma tsaro na fasaha. Bayan haka, fasahar UWB na yanzu har yanzu tana cikin ci gaba mai haɓakawa, kuma daidaitattun farashi, aikace-aikacen da sikelin ba a daidaita su ba, a wannan lokacin, masana'antun gida sun fi damuwa game da samfuran UWB da wuri-wuri don ƙasa da yadawa, don kama kasuwa, ba su da lokacin da za su damu da daidaiton UWB don inganta sabbin abubuwa. NXP, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƴan wasa a fagen UWB, yana da cikakkiyar yanayin yanayin samfur da kuma shekaru masu yawa na aikin noma mai zurfi na ƙarfin fasaha da aka tara, mafi kwanciyar hankali don aiwatar da ƙirar UWB.
Abu na biyu, NXP wannan lokacin zuwa matakin millimita UWB, kuma yana ganin yuwuwar rashin iyaka na ci gaban UWB na gaba kuma yana da yakinin cewa ingantaccen daidaito zai kawo sabbin aikace-aikace zuwa kasuwa.
A ra'ayi na, juyewar UWB zai ci gaba da inganta tare da ci gaban 5G "sababbin ababen more rayuwa", da kuma kara fadada ƙimar darajar sa a cikin aiwatar da haɓaka masana'antu na ƙarfafawa mai kaifin 5G.
A baya can, a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta 2G/3G/4G, yanayin sanya wayar hannu an fi mai da hankali kan kiran gaggawa, samun damar wurin doka, da sauran aikace-aikace, daidaitattun buƙatun ba su da girma, dangane da daidaitaccen matsayi na ID na Cell daga dubun mita zuwa ɗaruruwan mita. Yayin da 5G ke amfani da sabbin hanyoyin coding, haɗakar katako, manyan eriyar eriya, bakan milimita, da sauran fasahohi, babban bandwidth ɗin sa da fasahar tsararrun eriya, suna ba da tushen ma'aunin madaidaicin nisa da ma'aunin madaidaicin kusurwa. Sabili da haka, wani zagaye na UWB sprint a fagen daidaito yana goyan bayan daidaitaccen zamanin baya, tushe na fasaha, da isassun buƙatun aikace-aikacen, kuma ana iya ɗaukar wannan daidaiton UWB a matsayin riga-kafi don saduwa da haɓakar bayanan dijital.
Wadanne kasuwanni ne Millimeter UW zai bude?
A halin yanzu, rarrabawar kasuwa na UWB an fi saninsa da rarrabawar ƙarshen-B da maida hankali na ƙarshen. A cikin aikace-aikacen, B-karshen yana da ƙarin lokuta masu amfani, kuma C-karshen yana da ƙarin sararin tunani don hakar ma'adinai. A ra'ayi na, wannan bidi'a da ke mai da hankali kan aikin sakawa yana ƙarfafa fa'idodin UWB a daidaitaccen matsayi, wanda ba wai kawai yana kawo nasarorin aiki don aikace-aikacen da ke akwai ba amma kuma yana haifar da dama ga UWB don buɗe sabon sarari aikace-aikace.
A cikin kasuwar ƙarshen B, don wuraren shakatawa, masana'antu, masana'antu, da sauran al'amuran, yanayin yanayin mara waya na takamaiman yanki yana da ingantacciyar tabbas, kuma ana iya tabbatar da daidaiton matsayi akai-akai, yayin da irin waɗannan al'amuran kuma suna kula da ingantaccen buƙatu don ingantaccen hangen nesa, ko kuma za su zama matakin UWB na millimeter nan da nan za a yi niyya don fa'idar kasuwa.
A cikin yanayin hakar ma'adinai, tare da ci gaba na ginin ma'adinai na hankali, fusion bayani na "5G + UWB matsayi" na iya sa tsarin ma'adinai na hankali ya cika matsayi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, cimma cikakkiyar haɗuwa da daidaitattun matsayi da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, kuma gane halaye na madaidaicin ma'auni, babban ƙarfin aiki da dogon lokaci na jiran aiki, da dai sauransu, don tabbatar da aminci na tsaro na lokaci guda, da dai sauransu. nawa da kuma kula da lafiyar ma'adinan. A lokaci guda, dangane da matsananciyar buƙatar kula da amincin ma'adanan, UWB kuma za a yi amfani da shi a cikin sarrafa ma'aikata na yau da kullun, da hanyar mota. A halin yanzu, kasar tana da wani ma'auni na ma'adinin kwal kusan 4000 ko fiye, kuma matsakaicin buƙatun kowane tashar ma'adinan gawayi ya kai kusan 100 ko sama da haka, daga ciki kuma ana iya ƙiyasta cewa jimillar buƙatun tashar hakar ma'adinan ya kai kusan 400,000, adadin masu hakar gawayi gabaɗaya kusan mutane miliyan 4 ko makamancin haka, bisa ga 1 mutum miliyan 1 label. Dangane da mai amfani na ƙarshe na yanzu don siyan farashin kasuwa ɗaya, kasuwar kwal a cikin kasuwar kayan masarufi ta UWB "tasha + tag" tana da kusan biliyan 4 a ƙimar fitarwa.
Ma'adinai da hakar ma'adinai makamantan yanayin haɗari mai haɗari da hakar mai, tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi, tsire-tsire masu sinadarai, da dai sauransu, buƙatun kulawa da aminci don daidaita daidaitattun buƙatun sun fi girma, daidaiton matsayi na UWB zuwa haɓaka matakin-milimita zai taimaka haɓaka fa'idodinsa a cikin waɗannan yankuna.
A cikin masana'antun masana'antu, ɗakunan ajiya, da yanayin dabaru, UWB ya zama kayan aiki don rage farashi da inganci. Ma'aikata masu amfani da na'urorin hannu tare da fasahar UWB za su iya gano wuri daidai da sanya sassa daban-daban; gina tsarin gudanarwa da ke haɗa fasahar UWB a cikin sarrafa kayan ajiya na iya sa ido daidai da kowane nau'in kayan aiki da ma'aikata a cikin ɗakunan ajiya a cikin ainihin lokaci, da kuma cimma ikon sarrafa kaya, sarrafa ma'aikata, kuma a lokaci guda kuma cimma ingantacciyar hanyar jujjuyawar kayan aikin da ba ta da kurakurai ta hanyar kayan aikin AGV, wanda zai iya haɓaka haɓakar samarwa sosai.
Bugu da ƙari, tsalle-tsalle na milimita na UWB kuma na iya buɗe sabbin aikace-aikace a fagen jigilar jirgin ƙasa. A halin yanzu, tsarin kula da aikin jirgin ya dogara ne akan sanya tauraron dan adam don kammalawa, don yanayin ramin karkashin kasa da kuma manyan gine-ginen birane, kwaruruka, da sauran fage, sanya tauraron dan adam yana fuskantar gazawa. Fasahar UWB a cikin jirgin CBTC matsayi da kewayawa, ginshiƙi cikin gujewa karo da faɗakarwa da wuri, tsayawa daidai na jirgin ƙasa, da sauransu, na iya ba da ƙarin ingantaccen goyan bayan fasaha don aminci da sarrafa jigilar jirgin ƙasa. A halin yanzu, irin wannan aikace-aikacen a cikin Turai da Amurka yana da tarwatsa lokuta na aikace-aikacen.
A cikin kasuwar C-terminal, daidaitaccen UWB zuwa haɓaka matakin-milimita zai buɗe sabon yanayin aikace-aikacen ban da maɓallan dijital don wurin abin hawa. Misali, filin ajiye motoci ta atomatik, biya ta atomatik, da sauransu. A lokaci guda kuma, dangane da fasaha na fasaha na wucin gadi, na iya zuwa don "koyi" tsarin motsi na mai amfani da halayensa, da inganta aikin fasahar tuƙi ta atomatik.
A fagen na'urorin lantarki na mabukaci, UWB na iya zama daidaitaccen fasaha don wayowin komai da ruwan karkashin guguwar mu'amalar injin mota na maɓallan mota na dijital. Baya ga buɗe sararin aikace-aikace mai faɗi don sakawa da samfuran bincike, haɓaka daidaiton UWB kuma yana iya buɗe sabon sararin aikace-aikacen don yanayin hulɗar kayan aiki. Misali, ingantacciyar kewayon UWB na iya sarrafa nisa tsakanin na'urori daidai, don daidaita haɓakar ginin fage na gaskiya, don wasan, sauti, da bidiyo don kawo ingantacciyar ƙwarewa.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-04-2023