Yadda ake Sanya Mitar Wutar Lantarki (Zero-Export) a cikin Tsarin PV - Cikakken Jagora

Gabatarwa

Kamar yadda ɗaukar hoto (PV) ke haɓaka, ƙarin ayyuka suna fuskantarbuƙatun fitar da sifili. Abubuwan amfani galibi suna hana wuce gona da iri na hasken rana komawa cikin grid, musamman a wuraren da ke da cikakkun taswirori, rashin tabbas na haƙƙin haɗin grid, ko ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodin ingancin wuta. Wannan jagorar yana bayanin yadda ake shigarwaanti-reverse (sifili-fitarwa) ikon mita, Mahimman hanyoyin da ake samuwa, da kuma daidaitattun daidaitawa don girman tsarin PV daban-daban da aikace-aikace.

1. Mahimman Abubuwan Tunani Kafin Shigarwa

Abubuwan da suka wajaba don Fitar da Sifili

• Transformer jikewa: Lokacin da tasfofi na gida sun riga sun yi aiki da ƙarfi, juyar da wutar lantarki na iya haifar da wuce gona da iri, tatsewa, ko gazawar kayan aiki.

• Cin-kai kawai (ba a halatta fitarwar grid ba): Ayyuka ba tare da amincewar ciyarwar grid ba dole ne su cinye duk makamashin da aka samar a gida.

• Kariyar ingancin wutar lantarki: Ƙarfin jujjuyawar na iya gabatar da abubuwan haɗin DC, masu jituwa, ko kaya marasa daidaituwa, rage ƙimar grid.

Jerin abubuwan dubawa kafin shigarwa

• Dacewar na'ura: Tabbatar da ƙimar ƙimar mita ta dace da girman tsarin PV (tsari ɗaya ≤8kW, mataki uku> 8kW). Duba inverter sadarwa (RS485 ko daidai).

• Muhalli: Don shigarwa na waje, shirya wuraren da ba za a iya hana yanayi ba. Don tsarin inverter da yawa, shirya don wayar bas RS485 ko masu tattara bayanan Ethernet.

• Yarda da aminci: Tabbatar da hanyar haɗin grid tare da mai amfani, kuma duba cewa kewayon kaya ya dace da tsarar PV da ake tsammani.

2. Core Zero-Export Solutions

Magani 1: Iyakance Wuta ta Ikon Inverter

• Ka'idaMitar mai wayo yana auna alkiblar halin yanzu. Lokacin da aka gano juzu'i na juyawa, mita yana sadarwa ta hanyar RS485 (ko wasu ka'idoji) tare da inverter, wanda ke rage ƙarfin fitarwa har zuwa fitarwa = 0.

• Yi amfani da lokuta: Yankuna masu cike da juzu'i, ayyukan cin abinci na kai tare da kwanciyar hankali.

• Amfani: Sauƙaƙe, ƙananan farashi, amsa mai sauri, babu buƙatar ajiya.

Magani 2: Load Absorption ko Haɗin Ajiye Makamashi

• Ka'ida: Mitar tana duba halin yanzu a wurin haɗin grid. Maimakon iyakance fitarwar inverter, ana karkatar da wuce gona da iri zuwa tsarin ajiya ko jujjuya lodi (misali, dumama, kayan aikin masana'antu).

• Yi amfani da lokuta: Ayyuka tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan PV ne fifiko.

• Amfani: Inverters suna zama a cikin yanayin MPPT, makamashi ba a ɓata ba, tsarin ROI mafi girma.

3. Yanayin shigarwa ta Girman Tsarin

Tsarin Inverter Single (≤100 kW)

• Kanfigareshan: 1 inverter + 1 bidirectional smartmeter.

• Matsayin mita: Tsakanin inverter AC fitarwa da babban breaker. Kada a haɗa wasu kaya a tsakanin.

• Odar wayoyi: PV inverter → Masu canzawa na yanzu (idan an yi amfani da su) → Mitar wutar lantarki → Babban mai karyawa → lodi na gida / Grid.

• Hankali: Mitar tana auna alkibla da iko, sannan inverter ya daidaita fitarwa don dacewa da kaya.

• Amfani: Sauƙaƙe wayoyi, ƙarancin farashi, amsa mai sauri.

Multi-Inverter Systems (> 100 kW)

• Kanfigareshan: Mahara inverters + 1 smart powermeter + 1 data concentrator.

• Matsayin mita: A madaidaicin grid coupling (duk abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin inverter).

• Waya: Fitowar inverter → Busbar → Mitar Bidirectional → Mai tattara bayanai → Main breaker → Grid/Loads.

• Hankali: Mai tattara bayanai yana tattara bayanan mita kuma yana rarraba umarni ga kowane inverter daidai gwargwado.

• Amfani: Scalable, tsakiya iko, m siga saituna.

4. Shigarwa a nau'ikan ayyuka daban-daban

Ayyukan Cin-kai Kawai

• Bukatu: Ba a yarda fitarwa grid ba.

• Matsayin mita: Tsakanin inverter AC fitarwa da na gida load breaker. Ba a yi amfani da maɓallin haɗin grid ba.

• Duba: Gwaji a karkashin cikakken tsara ba tare da wani kaya - inverter ya kamata rage wuta zuwa sifili.

Ayyukan Saturation na Transformer

• Bukatu: Haɗin grid an halatta, amma an hana juyar da wutar lantarki.

• Matsayin mita: Tsakanin fitarwar inverter da grid connection breaker.

• Hankali: Idan aka gano ikon juyawa, inverter yana iyakance fitarwa; a matsayin madadin, masu karɓuwa na iya cire haɗin don guje wa damuwa mai canzawa.

Amfanin Kai na Gargajiya + Ayyukan Fitar da Grid

• Bukatu: An halatta fitarwa, amma iyakance.

• Saitin mita: An shigar da mitar anti-reverse a jere tare da mitar lissafin bidi'a na mai amfani.

• Hankali: Mitar anti-reverse ta hana fitarwa; kawai idan gazawa ne na'urar mai amfani ke yin rikodin shigar ciki.

5. FAQs

Q1: Shin mitar kanta tana dakatar da juyawa?
A'a. Mitar tana auna alkiblar wuta kuma tana ba da rahoto. Mai juyawa ko mai sarrafawa yana aiwatar da aikin.

Q2: Yaya saurin tsarin zai iya amsawa?
Yawanci cikin daƙiƙa 1-2, ya danganta da saurin sadarwa da firmware inverter.

Q3: Menene ke faruwa yayin gazawar hanyar sadarwa?
Sadarwar gida (RS485 ko sarrafawa kai tsaye) yana tabbatar da ci gaba da kariya koda ba tare da intanet ba.

Q4: Shin waɗannan mitoci za su iya yin aiki a cikin tsarin tsaga-lokaci (120/240V)?
Ee, an ƙirƙira wasu ƙira don sarrafa saiti-tsari-lokaci da ake amfani da su a Arewacin Amurka.

Kammalawa

Yarda da fitar da sifiri yana zama wajibi a yawancin ayyukan PV. Ta hanyar shigar da mitoci masu wayo mai wayo a daidai wurin da haɗa su tare da inverters, jujjuya lodi, ko ajiya,EPCs, 'yan kwangila, da masu haɓakawazai iya sadar da abin dogaro, tsarin tsarin hasken rana mai dacewa. Wadannan mafita ba kawaikare gridamma kumakara yawan amfani da kai da ROIga masu amfani da ƙarshe.