Marubuci:梧桐
A cewar Bluetooth SIG, an fitar da nau'in Bluetooth 5.4, wanda ya kawo sabon ma'auni na alamun farashin lantarki.An fahimci cewa sabuntawar fasahar da ke da alaƙa, a gefe guda, ana iya faɗaɗa alamar farashin a cikin hanyar sadarwa guda ɗaya zuwa 32640, a gefe guda, ƙofar yana iya fahimtar sadarwa ta hanyoyi biyu tare da alamar farashin.
Labarin kuma yana sa mutane su sha'awar game da ƴan tambayoyi: Menene sabbin fasahohin fasaha a cikin sabuwar Bluetooth?Menene tasiri akan aikace-aikacen alamun farashin lantarki?Shin zai canza tsarin masana'antu na yanzu?Na gaba, wannan takarda za ta tattauna batutuwan da ke sama, yanayin ci gaba na gaba na alamun farashin lantarki.
Sake, Gane Tag ɗin Farashin Lantarki
Alamar farashin lantarki, LCD da na'urar nunin takarda ta lantarki tare da aikin aikawa da karɓar bayanai, ta hanyar sadarwa mara waya don cimma canjin alamar farashi.Saboda yana iya maye gurbin alamar farashin gargajiya, haɗe tare da ƙarancin wutar lantarki (tambarin farashin lantarki ta tawada tare da batura maɓalli 2 na iya cimma fiye da shekaru 5 na juriya), yawancin masana'antun tallace-tallace sun fi so.A halin yanzu, an yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin gida da waje sanannun manyan kasuwancin kasuwanci irin su Wal-Mart, Yonghui, Hema Fresh, Mi home da sauransu.
Kuma alamar farashin lantarki ba kawai tag ba ne, amma tsarin duka a bayansa.Gabaɗaya magana, tsarin alamar farashin lantarki ya haɗa da sassa huɗu: alamar farashin lantarki (ESL), tashar tushe mara waya (ESLAP), alamar farashin lantarki tsarin SaaS da tasha ta hannu (PDA).
Ka'idar aiki na tsarin shine: daidaita kayayyaki da bayanin farashi akan dandamalin girgije na SaaS, da aika bayanai zuwa alamar farashin lantarki ta hanyar tashar ESL.Bayan karɓar bayanin, alamar farashin na iya nuna ainihin bayanan kayayyaki kamar suna, farashi, asali da ƙayyadaddun bayanai a ainihin lokacin.Hakazalika, bayanin samfurin kuma ana iya canza shi ta layi ta hanyar duba lambar samfurin ta hanyar PDA ta hannu.
Daga cikinsu, isar da bayanai ya dogara ne da fasahar sadarwa mara waya.A halin yanzu, akwai ka'idojin sadarwa na yau da kullun guda uku da ake amfani da su akan alamun farashin lantarki: 433 MHz, 2.4GHz masu zaman kansu, Bluetooth, kuma kowanne daga cikin ka'idoji guda uku yana da nasa fa'ida da rashin amfani.
Don haka, Bluetooth yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodi, amma a zahiri, a kasuwa, Bluetooth da masu zaman kansu 2.4GHz amfani da yarjejeniya kusan iri ɗaya ne.Amma yanzu Bluetooth don alamar farashin lantarki don kafa sabon ma'auni, ba shi da wahala a gani, shine ɗaukar alamar farashin lantarki da wannan kasuwar aikace-aikacen.
Menene sabo tare da mizanin ESL na Bluetooth?
A halin yanzu, radiyon ɗaukar hoto na tashoshin tushe na ESL yana tsakanin mita 30-40, kuma matsakaicin adadin alamun da za a iya ɗauka ya bambanta daga 1000-5000.Amma bisa ga sabuwar fasahar Bluetooth Core Specification Version 5.4, a ƙarƙashin goyon bayan sabuwar fasahar, hanyar sadarwa za ta iya haɗa na'urorin ESL 32,640, baya ga fahimtar na'urorin ESL da hanyar sadarwa ta hanyoyi biyu.
Bluetooth 5.4 yana sabunta fasali guda biyu masu alaƙa da alamun farashin lantarki:
1. Talla na lokaci-lokaci tare da Amsoshi (PAwR, talla na lokaci-lokaci tare da martani)
PAwR zai ba da damar aiwatar da hanyar sadarwar tauraro tare da sadarwa ta hanyoyi biyu, fasalin da ke ƙara ƙarfin na'urorin ESL don karɓar bayanai da amsawa ga mai aikawa.Bugu da ƙari, ana iya raba na'urorin ESL zuwa ƙungiyoyi da yawa, kuma kowace na'urar ESL tana da takamaiman adireshi don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da ba da damar sadarwa ɗaya-zuwa ɗaya da ɗaya-zuwa-da yawa.
A cikin hoton, AP shine mai watsa shirye-shiryen PAwR;ESL alamar farashin lantarki ce (na na GRPS daban-daban, tare da ids daban);subevent ne mai subevent;rsp slot shine ramin amsawa.A cikin adadi, layin kwance baƙar fata shine AP aika umarni da fakiti zuwa ESL, kuma layin kwance ja shine ESL yana amsawa da ciyarwa zuwa AP.
Dangane da sigar ƙayyadaddun ƙirar Bluetooth 5.4, ESL tana amfani da tsarin magance na'urar (binary) wanda ya ƙunshi ids ESL 8-bit da ids rukuni 7-bit.Kuma ESL ID na musamman ne a cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban.Don haka, hanyar sadarwar na'urar ESL na iya ƙunsar har zuwa ƙungiyoyi 128, kowannensu zai iya ƙunsar har zuwa na'urorin ESL na musamman guda 255 na membobin ƙungiyar.A cikin sauƙi, ƙila za a iya samun jimillar na'urorin ESL 32,640 a cikin hanyar sadarwa, kuma kowane lakabin ana iya sarrafa shi daga wurin shiga guda ɗaya.
2. Rufaffen Bayanan Talla (EAD, Rufaffen bayanan watsa shirye-shirye)
EAD galibi yana ba da ayyukan ɓoye bayanan watsa shirye-shirye.Bayan an rufaffen bayanan watsa shirye-shiryen, kowace na'ura za ta iya karba, amma na'urar da aka raba maballin sadarwa kawai za ta iya tantance ta.Muhimmin fa'idar wannan fasalin shine abubuwan da ke cikin fakitin watsa shirye-shiryen suna canzawa yayin da na'urar ke canza adireshin, yana rage yuwuwar sa ido.
Dangane da abubuwan da ke sama biyu na sabuntawar, Bluetooth za ta fi fa'ida a aikace-aikacen sitika na lantarki.Musamman idan aka kwatanta da 433MHz da masu zaman kansu 2.4GHz, ba su da ka'idojin sadarwa na duniya da suka dace, aiki, kwanciyar hankali, tsaro ba za a iya tabbatar da mafi kyau ba, musamman ma game da tsaro, yiwuwar ƙaddamarwa zai zama mafi girma.
Tare da zuwan sabon ma'auni, masana'antar alamar farashin lantarki na iya haifar da wasu canje-canje, musamman masana'antun tsarin sadarwa da masu samar da mafita a tsakiyar sarkar masana'antu.Ga masu kera hanyoyin magance Bluetooth, ko don tallafawa sabuntawar OTA na samfuran da aka siyar da ko ƙara Bluetooth 5.4 cikin sabon layin samfur tambaya ce da za a yi la'akari da ita.Kuma ga masu kera tsarin Bluetooth, ko canza ainihin tsarin don amfani da Bluetooth shima matsala ce.
Amma kuma, ta yaya kasuwar farashin lantarki ke tasowa a yau, kuma menene matsalolin?
Matsayin ci gaban kasuwa na farashin lantarki da matsaloli
A halin yanzu, ta hanyar jigilar kayayyaki masu alaƙa da e-takarda na masana'antu na sama za a iya sani, jigilar kaya na alamar farashin lantarki ya ƙare ci gaban shekara-shekara.
Dangane da Rahoton Binciken Kasuwar ePaper na Duniya na Lotu na Quarterly, an aika samfuran e-paper miliyan 190 a duniya a cikin kashi uku na farkon 2022, sama da 20.5% daga daidai wannan lokacin a bara.Dangane da samfuran takarda ta lantarki, jigilar samfuran lantarki a duniya a cikin rubu'i uku na farko ya kai guda miliyan 180, tare da haɓakar 28.6% a kowace shekara.
Amma e-tags yanzu suna shiga cikin ƙulli wajen neman ƙarin ƙima.Tun da alamun lantarki suna da alaƙa da tsawon rayuwar sabis, zai ɗauki aƙalla shekaru 5-10 don maye gurbin su, don haka ba za a sami maye gurbin hannun jari a cikin dogon lokaci ba, don haka kawai za mu iya neman kasuwar haɓaka.Matsalar, duk da haka, shine yawancin dillalai ba sa son canzawa zuwa alamun farashin lantarki."Wasu 'yan kasuwa sun yi jinkirin yin amfani da fasahar ESL saboda damuwa game da kulle-kulle mai sayarwa, haɗin kai, scalability da kuma ikon iya daidaita shi zuwa wasu tsare-tsaren tallace-tallace masu kyau," in ji Andrew Zignani, Daraktan Bincike a ABI Research.
Hakazalika, tsada kuma babbar matsala ce.Kodayake farashin alamar farashin lantarki an daidaita shi sosai don rage yawan farashi, har yanzu manyan manyan kantuna irin su Walmart da Yonghui ne kawai ke amfani da shi a cikin kasuwar dillali.Ga ƙananan manyan kantunan al'umma, shaguna masu dacewa da shagunan litattafai, farashin sa har yanzu yana da yawa.Kuma yana da kyau a faɗi cewa alamun farashin lantarki suma abin buƙata ne kawai ga shagunan da ba manya ba.
Haka kuma, yanayin aikace-aikacen yanzu na alamun farashin lantarki suna da sauƙi.A halin yanzu, kashi 90% na alamun farashin lantarki ana amfani da su a cikin ƴan kasuwa, amma ƙasa da 10% ana amfani da su a ofis, likita da sauran al'amuran.SES-imagotag, giant a cikin masana'antar alamar farashin dijital, ya yi imanin cewa alamar farashin dijital bai kamata kawai ya zama kayan aikin nunin farashi ba, amma ya kamata ya zama microweb na bayanan omnihanatic wanda zai iya taimakawa masu amfani da yanke shawarar kashewa da adana masu aiki da ma'aikata lokaci. da tsada.
Koyaya, akwai kuma labari mai daɗi fiye da wahalhalu.Adadin kutsawa cikin alamun farashin lantarki a kasuwannin cikin gida bai kai kashi 10% ba, wanda ke nufin har yanzu akwai kasuwa da yawa da za a iya amfani da su.A lokaci guda kuma, tare da inganta tsarin kula da cututtuka, farfadowar amfani shine babban yanayin, kuma ramuwar gayya ta bangaren tallace-tallace yana zuwa, wanda kuma shine kyakkyawar dama ga alamun farashin lantarki don neman ci gaban kasuwa.Bugu da ƙari, ƙarin 'yan wasa a cikin sarkar masana'antu suna ƙaddamar da alamun farashin lantarki, Qualcomm da SES-imagotag suna aiki tare akan daidaitattun alamun farashin lantarki.A nan gaba, tare da aikace-aikacen fasaha mai girma da kuma yanayin daidaitawa, alamun farashin lantarki kuma za su sami sabuwar gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-21-2023